时间
in表示特定时间点内，例如：
I will meet you in the morning.
The deadline is in two weeks.
by表示时间期限的截止，例如：
Please finish the report by Friday.
The store will close by 10 p.m.
地点
in表示物体位于包围或限制的空间内，例如：
The book is in the bag.
I live in New York City.
by表示物体靠近或沿着某物，例如：
The house is by the lake.
I walked by the park.
方式
in表示动作或过程的方式或手段，例如：
I wrote the essay in pencil.
You can pay for your order in cash or by credit card.
by表示动作或过程是由谁或什么来完成的，例如：
The painting was created by Leonardo da Vinci.
The project was completed by our team.
状态
in表示物体或人的状态或情况，例如：
The car is in good condition.
I am in a hurry.
by表示动作或过程造成的结果或影响，例如：
I was shocked by the news.
The music was so loud that I couldn't hear myself think.
有趣
