时间
in表示特定时间点内,例如:
I will meet you in the morning.
The deadline is in two weeks.
by表示时间期限的截止,例如:
Please finish the report by Friday.
The store will close by 10 p.m.
地点
in表示物体位于包围或限制的空间内,例如:
The book is in the bag.
I live in New York City.
by表示物体靠近或沿着某物,例如:
The house is by the lake.
I walked by the park.
方式
in表示动作或过程的方式或手段,例如:
I wrote the essay in pencil.
You can pay for your order in cash or by credit card.
by表示动作或过程是由谁或什么来完成的,例如:
The painting was created by Leonardo da Vinci.
The project was completed by our team.
状态
in表示物体或人的状态或情况,例如:
The car is in good condition.
I am in a hurry.
by表示动作或过程造成的结果或影响,例如:
I was shocked by the news.
The music was so loud that I couldn't hear myself think.
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